Live view of the Gaza skyline as seen from southern Israel a day after a surprise wave of Israeli airstrikes killed more than 400 Palestinians, shattering a ceasefire with Hamas.

After Hamas’ Oct. 7 attacks, Israelis mobilized almost without reservation for war, and sacrifice. But the overnight airstrikes that killed hundreds in Gaza finds many Israelis exhausted by a long war and suspicious of their leaders’ motivations.

For Palestinians, the renewed strikes brought a sudden return to the carnage and terror of the 15-month-long war.